部分倒装

【知识点】

部分倒装

部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。 这类句型主要有以下几种形式：

(1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时， 常用部分倒装。 这类词或短语有： little, few, never, seldom, rarely, by no means, not only, not until, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, in no way, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等。

Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.

不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助， 而且也要给那些有需要的人提供医疗保健服务。

(2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时， 用部分倒装。

 (2014·湖南高考单项填空)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.

只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。

(3)so/neither/nor置于句首时， 用部分倒装。

①“so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物， 意为“……也是如此” 。

—I’ve got an enormous amount of work to do.

——我有大量的作业要做。

—So have I.

——我也如此。

②“neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物， 意为“……也不这样” 。

This is not my story, nor is it the whole story. My story plays out differently.

这并不是(关于)我的故事， 它也不是故事的全部。 我的故事是不同的。

(4)在so/such... that... 结构中， 当“so＋形容词/副词” 或“such＋名词” 位于句首时， 用部分倒装。

 (2016·杭州五校第一次联考)So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss. 他突然患病， 全家人全然不知所措。

(5)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中， 当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时， 用部分倒装。 如果位于句首的是单数可数名词， 其前不加冠词。

 (2016·天津六校第一次联考)Hard as they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind.

尽管他们尽力了， 但他们还是没能让她改变主意。

(6)在非真实条件句中， 条件句中的if省略时， 助动词had, were, should提到主语前面。

Should he (＝If he should)come, tell him to ring me up. 如果他来了， 告诉他给我打电话。

【高考考向】

倒装句是中学英语教学的一个重点，也是学生学习的难点，同时又是高考考查的热点。部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。 精准把握各种条件下部分倒装尤为重要。

【高考真题】

【2011全国卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.

  A. he realized         B. he did realize     C. realized he          D. did he realize

【答案】D

【考点】本题考察倒装句。

【解析】Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。

【2011福建卷29】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!

—I’m glad you like it.

A.I have had     B. I had    C. have I had   D. had I

【答案】C

【考点】考查时态及倒装。

【解析】never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。

【2011湖南卷32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision  

A. they reached        B. did they reach       C. they reach        D. do they reach

【答案】B

【考点】本题考察only前置的倒装句。

【解析】Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B；句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。

〖10四川〗We laugh at jokes, but seldom _______about how they work.  

A. we think       B. think we      C. we do think        D. do we think    

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查倒装。

〖解析〗seldom为否定副词放句首, 用部分倒装, 故选D。句意为 “我们因笑话而笑, 但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”

【学生学情分析】

学生在近期的学习中暴露的主要问题是不能很好区别部分倒装和完全倒装，对部分倒装的所有条件不够熟练。。

【建议变式练习】

1. __________fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.   

A. Would you be     B. Should you be     C. Could you be     D. Might you be

2. __________when we passed by its nest.

A. Up into the blue sky did the bird fly     B. Up into the blue sky the bird flew

C. Up into the blue sky flew the bird       D. Flew up into the blue sky the bird

3. Only if a teacher gives permission __________ to enter the room.   

A. a student is allowed B. is a student allowed  

C. does a student allow D. a student allowed

4. I noticed that across the street __________ with books in his hands.   

A. my teacher stood  B. my teacher standing  C. did my teacher stand  D. stood my teacher

5. __________ in a tiny cabinet were four Mother's Day poems I'd written for her in the 1960s.   

A. Hidden     B. Hiding     C. Being hidden D. To be hidden

6. He didn’t have a holiday abroad__________he retired from teaching three years ago.

A. until    B.when    C. that    D. had

7. Only when the police showed her the evidence__________ that she had stolen the money.   

A. she admitted     B. she had admitted     C. did she admit     D. had she admitted

8. When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so __________ in the darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.   

A. she was scared     B. was she scared     C. scared she was     D. scared was she

9. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent__________ properly in this hospital.   

A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treated

C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients

10. On the surface of the water__________, which spoiled the beautiful scenery of the park.   

A. some dead leaves did float B. some dead leaves floated

C. floated some dead leaves D. did some dead leaves float

11. I decided to do a random act of kindness last year. And__________ that the person I would end up helping most would be myself.   

A. I little knew    B. little did I knew    C. little did I know    D. little I knew

12. Not until they were introduced to each other __________ they had met at a dinner party.   

A. they realized    B. had they realized    C. they had realized    D. did they realize

13. Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.   

A. If     B. as     C. since     D. when

14. __________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.   

A. Although much he likes her B. Much although he likes her

C. As he likes her much D. Much as he likes her

15. So _______that in spite of the rare disease, he managed to live as rich and full a life as we do.   

A. optimistic and determined Marty was     B. was Marty optimistic and determined

C. Marty was optimistic and determined     D. optimistic and determined was Marty

16. Only after Mary read her composition the second time ________the spelling mistake.   

A. did she notice    B. she noticed    C. does she notice    D. she has noticed

17. Around this point __________, which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor.   

A. the story develops B. does the story develop

C. develops the story D. the story developed

18. In my driving lesson, a traffic rule that impressed me most is that in no time ________ when the traffic lights turn red.   

A. all vehicles should stop B. should all vehicles stop

C. should stop all vehicles D. stop all vehicles

19. There, __________Mrs. Smith, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch.

A. standing on the platform was B. was standing on a platform

C. on a platform was standing D. was on a platform standing

20. He would be in better health now __________ with too much work when young.

A. had he not burdened himself B. if he was not burdened

C. were he not burdened D. had he not been burdened himself

21. __________ we can take some measures to cut the losses to the minimum.

A. As earthquakes are difficult to predict      B. Are as earthquakes difficult to predict

C. Difficult are as earthquakes to predict         D. Difficult as earthquakes are to predict

22. Maybe you have been to many famous restaurants, but nowhere else _____on such nice ducks.

A. you can feast     B. can you taste     C. you can taste     D. can you feast

23. _______he listened to me, he’d have passed the exam.

   A. Were      B. Had     C. Had had     D. Has

24. Not only_________a pay increase, but __________ reduced hours.

   A. the workers want; do they want B. want the workers; they want

   C. do the workers want; they want           C. do the workers want; do they want

25. ________she not busy in writing a book, she would have gone to the party.

   A. Were     B. Had     C. Should     D. Was

26. ________are the days when our village was poor and backward.

   A. Going     B. Gone     C. Those     D. There

27. I hadn’t been to New York before and ___________.

   A. so was Jane     B. nor was Jane     C. neither had Jane     D. neither was Jane

28. No sooner_______he sat down________the phone rang.

   A. had; than     B. had; when      C. when; had     D.had; did

29. It wasn’t until Tom enterd the university___________he realized the importance of time.

   A. when     B. when that     C. that     D. and

30.  ------Where is your father?

    -------Oh,_______.

A. here he comes    B. he here comes    C. here does he come    D. here comes he

撰文：李清秀 杨佳顺

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审核：丁劲松

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